{
  "citation": "Specimen Registry v0.0.7 (2026). Maintained by Michael Gonzalez with AI assistance. https://specimenregistry.org. Data licensed under CC BY 4.0.",
  "license": "https://specimenregistry.org/license",
  "version": "0.0.12-neon",
  "publication": {
    "id": "10.1126/science.1245938",
    "title": "Resurrecting surviving Neandertal lineages from modern human genomes",
    "authors": [
      "Vernot, B.",
      "Akey, J.M."
    ],
    "year": 2014,
    "journal": "Science",
    "volume": "343",
    "issue": "6174",
    "pages": "1017-1021",
    "publication_date": "2014-02-28T00:00:00.000Z",
    "open_access_url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1245938",
    "pmc_id": null,
    "pubmed_id": null,
    "abstract": "Anatomically modern humans overlapped and mated with Neandertals such that non-African humans inherit ~1 to 3% of their genomes from Neandertal ancestors. We identified Neandertal lineages that persist in the DNA of modern humans, in whole-genome sequences from 379 European and 286 East Asian individuals, recovering more than 15 gigabases of introgressed sequence that spans ~20% of the Neandertal genome (false discovery rate = 5%). Analyses of surviving archaic lineages suggest that there were fitness costs to hybridization, admixture occurred both before and after divergence of non-African modern humans, and Neandertals were a source of adaptive variation for loci involved in skin phenotypes. Our results provide a new avenue for paleogenomics studies, allowing substantial amounts of population-level DNA sequence information to be obtained from extinct groups, even in the absence of fossilized remains.",
    "crossref_verified_at": null,
    "verification_state": "draft",
    "verification_notes": "Migrated from ingest file: T4.1_Vernot_Akey_2014.md",
    "fts_tsv": "'1':24B '15':61B '20':68B '286':54B '3':26B '379':51B '5':76B 'absenc':145B 'adapt':109B 'admixtur':90B 'african':21B,100B 'akey':151C 'allow':126B 'amount':128B 'analys':77B 'anatom':9B 'ancestor':32B 'archaic':80B 'asian':56B 'avenu':122B 'b':150C 'cost':87B 'discoveri':74B 'diverg':96B 'dna':41B,133B 'east':55B 'european':52B 'even':142B 'extinct':140B 'fals':73B 'fit':86B 'fossil':147B 'genom':8A,29B,48B,72B 'gigabas':62B 'group':141B 'human':7A,11B,22B,44B,102B 'hybrid':89B 'identifi':34B 'individu':57B 'inform':135B 'inherit':23B 'introgress':64B 'involv':113B 'j.m':152C 'level':132B 'lineag':4A,36B,81B 'loci':112B 'mate':14B 'modern':6A,10B,43B,101B 'neandert':3A,16B,31B,35B,71B,104B 'new':121B 'non':20B,99B 'non-african':19B,98B 'obtain':138B 'occur':91B 'overlap':12B 'paleogenom':124B 'persist':38B 'phenotyp':116B 'popul':131B 'population-level':130B 'provid':119B 'rate':75B 'recov':58B 'remain':148B 'result':118B 'resurrect':1A 'sequenc':49B,65B,134B 'skin':115B 'sourc':107B 'span':67B 'studi':125B 'substanti':127B 'suggest':82B 'surviv':2A,79B 'variat':110B 'vernot':149C 'whole':47B 'whole-genom':46B",
    "created_at": "2026-07-26T20:06:49.092Z",
    "updated_at": "2026-07-27T02:16:42.538Z",
    "study_type": null
  },
  "specimens": [],
  "analyses": []
}