{
  "citation": "Specimen Registry v0.0.7 (2026). Maintained by Michael Gonzalez with AI assistance. https://specimenregistry.org. Data licensed under CC BY 4.0.",
  "license": "https://specimenregistry.org/license",
  "version": "0.0.12-neon",
  "specimen": {
    "id": "denisova-5",
    "site_id": "denisova-cave",
    "common_name": "Altai Neanderthal / Denisova 5",
    "community_name": null,
    "catalog_number": "(not in abstract — pull from paper)",
    "catalog_number_source_quote": null,
    "material_type": "toe phalanx",
    "taxonomic_assignment": "Neanderthal",
    "taxonomic_assignment_source_quote": "We present a high-quality genome sequence of a Neanderthal woman from Siberia.",
    "assignment_method": "aDNA-nuclear",
    "assignment_publication": "10.1038/nature12886",
    "provenance_publication": null,
    "stratigraphic_context": {
      "raw": "East Gallery, layer 11.4 (verify from paper Methods/SI)"
    },
    "stratigraphic_context_source_quote": null,
    "current_custody": "Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, SB RAS, Novosibirsk (standard)",
    "inferred_fields": null,
    "disputed_assignment": false,
    "verification_state": "pending-verification",
    "verification_notes": "\n\nEditorial pass 2026-07-26: source-locked quote attached from ingest; ready for founder eyeball review against paper PDF.",
    "fts_tsv": "'5':4A 'altai':1A 'archaeolog':10C 'denisova':3A 'ethnographi':12C 'institut':8C 'neanderth':2A,5B 'novosibirsk':15C 'phalanx':7C 'ras':14C 'sb':13C 'standard':16C 'toe':6C",
    "created_at": "2026-07-26T18:01:51.160Z",
    "updated_at": "2026-07-26T18:17:01.609Z"
  },
  "site": {
    "id": "denisova-cave",
    "name": "Denisova Cave",
    "country": "Russia",
    "region": "Altai Krai, Soloneshensky District",
    "latitude": "51.397500",
    "longitude": "84.676110",
    "coordinates_precision": "exact",
    "site_type": "karstic cave",
    "excavating_institution": "Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, Novosibirsk",
    "notes": null,
    "verification_state": "pending-verification",
    "created_at": "2026-07-26T18:01:51.160Z",
    "updated_at": "2026-07-26T18:01:51.160Z"
  },
  "analyses": [
    {
      "id": "00530437-a070-430e-bbfc-0f61afbf3371",
      "publication_id": "10.1038/nature12886",
      "method": "aDNA-nuclear",
      "dating_method": null,
      "lab": "Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig",
      "analysis_date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
      "result_summary": "Complete Neanderthal genome from Denisova Cave. Established parents were related at the level of half-siblings — a landmark finding on Neanderthal population structure. Documented gene flow among Neanderthals, Denisovans, and early modern humans.",
      "result_summary_source_quote": null,
      "verification_state": "draft"
    },
    {
      "id": "8a75f77d-1812-47b0-ab9a-1f1f7cb01a1b",
      "publication_id": "10.1038/nature12886",
      "method": "aDNA-nuclear",
      "dating_method": null,
      "lab": null,
      "analysis_date": null,
      "result_summary": "High-coverage (~52-fold) whole-genome sequence of the Altai Neanderthal (Denisova 5). Parents related at half-sibling level; close-relative mating common in recent ancestors.",
      "result_summary_source_quote": "We present a high-quality genome sequence of a Neanderthal woman from Siberia. We show that her parents were related at the level of half-siblings and that mating among close relatives was common among her recent ancestors.",
      "verification_state": "pending-verification"
    },
    {
      "id": "d4620f75-0c14-42c2-b15e-45121570a900",
      "publication_id": "10.1038/nature16544",
      "method": null,
      "dating_method": null,
      "lab": null,
      "analysis_date": null,
      "result_summary": "(see raw markdown)",
      "result_summary_source_quote": "a population that diverged early from other modern humans in Africa contributed genetically to the ancestors of Neanderthals from the Altai Mountains roughly 100,000 years ago. By contrast, we do not detect such a genetic contribution in the Denisovan or the two European Neanderthals.",
      "verification_state": "draft"
    }
  ],
  "comparisons": [
    {
      "id": 22,
      "specimen_a_id": "goyet-q56-1",
      "specimen_b_id": "denisova-5",
      "comparison_type": "sister-lineage",
      "claim": "Diverged from a common Neanderthal ancestor around 150 ka; the introgression source into modern humans diverged from these European late Neanderthals ≥70 ka.",
      "claim_source_quote": "the bulk of Neanderthal gene flow into early modern humans originated from one or more source populations that diverged from the Neanderthals that were studied here at least 70,000 years ago, but after they split from a previously sequenced Neanderthal from Siberia around 150,000 years ago",
      "method": "aDNA-nuclear",
      "publication_id": "10.1038/nature26151",
      "quantitative_result": "split ~150 ka",
      "verification_state": "pending-verification",
      "verification_notes": "Auto-inserted from Hajdinjak 2018 verbatim PubMed abstract; needs full-paper verification of pairwise application of population-level claims. Vindija 87 same-individual claim is community-summary sourced.",
      "created_at": "2026-07-27T01:49:27.386Z",
      "updated_at": "2026-07-27T01:49:27.386Z",
      "other_id": "goyet-q56-1",
      "other_name": "Goyet Q56-1",
      "other_taxon": "Neanderthal"
    },
    {
      "id": 25,
      "specimen_a_id": "spy-94a",
      "specimen_b_id": "denisova-5",
      "comparison_type": "sister-lineage",
      "claim": "Diverged from a common Neanderthal ancestor around 150 ka; the introgression source into modern humans diverged from these European late Neanderthals ≥70 ka.",
      "claim_source_quote": "the bulk of Neanderthal gene flow into early modern humans originated from one or more source populations that diverged from the Neanderthals that were studied here at least 70,000 years ago, but after they split from a previously sequenced Neanderthal from Siberia around 150,000 years ago",
      "method": "aDNA-nuclear",
      "publication_id": "10.1038/nature26151",
      "quantitative_result": "split ~150 ka",
      "verification_state": "pending-verification",
      "verification_notes": "Auto-inserted from Hajdinjak 2018 verbatim PubMed abstract; needs full-paper verification of pairwise application of population-level claims. Vindija 87 same-individual claim is community-summary sourced.",
      "created_at": "2026-07-27T01:49:27.386Z",
      "updated_at": "2026-07-27T01:49:27.386Z",
      "other_id": "spy-94a",
      "other_name": "Spy 94a",
      "other_taxon": "Neanderthal"
    },
    {
      "id": 23,
      "specimen_a_id": "les-cottes-z4-1514",
      "specimen_b_id": "denisova-5",
      "comparison_type": "sister-lineage",
      "claim": "Diverged from a common Neanderthal ancestor around 150 ka; the introgression source into modern humans diverged from these European late Neanderthals ≥70 ka.",
      "claim_source_quote": "the bulk of Neanderthal gene flow into early modern humans originated from one or more source populations that diverged from the Neanderthals that were studied here at least 70,000 years ago, but after they split from a previously sequenced Neanderthal from Siberia around 150,000 years ago",
      "method": "aDNA-nuclear",
      "publication_id": "10.1038/nature26151",
      "quantitative_result": "split ~150 ka",
      "verification_state": "pending-verification",
      "verification_notes": "Auto-inserted from Hajdinjak 2018 verbatim PubMed abstract; needs full-paper verification of pairwise application of population-level claims. Vindija 87 same-individual claim is community-summary sourced.",
      "created_at": "2026-07-27T01:49:27.386Z",
      "updated_at": "2026-07-27T01:49:27.386Z",
      "other_id": "les-cottes-z4-1514",
      "other_name": "Les Cottés Z4-1514",
      "other_taxon": "Neanderthal"
    },
    {
      "id": 26,
      "specimen_a_id": "vindija-87",
      "specimen_b_id": "denisova-5",
      "comparison_type": "sister-lineage",
      "claim": "Diverged from a common Neanderthal ancestor around 150 ka; the introgression source into modern humans diverged from these European late Neanderthals ≥70 ka.",
      "claim_source_quote": "the bulk of Neanderthal gene flow into early modern humans originated from one or more source populations that diverged from the Neanderthals that were studied here at least 70,000 years ago, but after they split from a previously sequenced Neanderthal from Siberia around 150,000 years ago",
      "method": "aDNA-nuclear",
      "publication_id": "10.1038/nature26151",
      "quantitative_result": "split ~150 ka",
      "verification_state": "pending-verification",
      "verification_notes": "Auto-inserted from Hajdinjak 2018 verbatim PubMed abstract; needs full-paper verification of pairwise application of population-level claims. Vindija 87 same-individual claim is community-summary sourced.",
      "created_at": "2026-07-27T01:49:27.386Z",
      "updated_at": "2026-07-27T01:49:27.386Z",
      "other_id": "vindija-87",
      "other_name": "Vindija 87",
      "other_taxon": "Neanderthal"
    },
    {
      "id": 24,
      "specimen_a_id": "mezmaiskaya-2",
      "specimen_b_id": "denisova-5",
      "comparison_type": "sister-lineage",
      "claim": "Diverged from a common Neanderthal ancestor around 150 ka; the introgression source into modern humans diverged from these European late Neanderthals ≥70 ka.",
      "claim_source_quote": "the bulk of Neanderthal gene flow into early modern humans originated from one or more source populations that diverged from the Neanderthals that were studied here at least 70,000 years ago, but after they split from a previously sequenced Neanderthal from Siberia around 150,000 years ago",
      "method": "aDNA-nuclear",
      "publication_id": "10.1038/nature26151",
      "quantitative_result": "split ~150 ka",
      "verification_state": "pending-verification",
      "verification_notes": "Auto-inserted from Hajdinjak 2018 verbatim PubMed abstract; needs full-paper verification of pairwise application of population-level claims. Vindija 87 same-individual claim is community-summary sourced.",
      "created_at": "2026-07-27T01:49:27.386Z",
      "updated_at": "2026-07-27T01:49:27.386Z",
      "other_id": "mezmaiskaya-2",
      "other_name": "Mezmaiskaya 2",
      "other_taxon": "Neanderthal"
    }
  ]
}